Situation analysis
The organization should not spend much time on writing the situation analysis because, usually the content of the situation analysis is collected from reports issued by government institutions or local and international organizations. This content is then written with reference to the source between brackets with the date references, for example: (UNICEF – June 2018) and so on.
The writer of the proposal should take into account the following:
The analysis should be at the country level, in which the project is planned.
The analysis should contain known and reliable sources like Human Development Index or periodic reports issued by UN bodies operating in the same country like UNICEF, World Health Organization (WHO), United Nation High Commissioner for Refugee (UNHCR), United Nation Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) or international organizations like OXFAM, Save the children and others.
The analysis should outline the things that affect people’s lives in the country like natural disasters, wars, armed conflicts and the starting dates of these disasters.
The analysis should focus on the special challenges in the sector the proposal belongs to. For example, if the proposal is in food, the analysis should focus on the impact of the disaster on the level of people’s access to food and their purchasing power and if they get adequate and diverse food. The information should be at the country level and contain numbers or percentage from the sources that were referred to.
We can put a map of the country that shows the size of the disaster, its type and the extent of spread. These maps can be obtained from the internet by searching them in Google Maps and may be adopted as a reference like United Nation Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA).
About 1000 – 1500 words are enough for a situation analysis.
According the millennium development goals (2010 UNDP) progress report, 77% of Yemeni’s population still do not use safe sanitation services in 2008. Despite the slow progress during the years 1994-2008, there is still a wide gap between urban and rural areas; as the percentage of the population covered with sanitation services in rural areas is only 32%. This issue requires more government and community efforts to improve sanitation services and protect water sources from pollution in rural areas.
In regards to the UNICEF Child Nutrition Report (UNICEF UK 2013), Yemen has the second highest rate of stunting in the world, after Afghanistan, where stunting rates are more than 50%. One child of two children suffers from stunting which means that the growth of their brains and bodies is affected by undernourishment, which is the most important cause of diarrhea, fever, lack of breastfeeding, poor sanitation and lack of nutrition programs.
Diarrhea is considered the main reason of child mortality in Yemen, with 88 cases out of 1000 under the age of five (World Bank, 2009), 45% of children (6-59 months) suffer from diarrhea due to inadequate hygiene and drinking contaminated water.
Also needs assessment in Yemen that was conducted by WASH Cluster in four governorates, including Amran governorate, indicated that nearly 40% of the country's diseases are transmitted by water and this consume a large part of the health budget of the country. People are forced to spend a large part of their income on these water-borne diseases, which add more to the financial tragedies of people affected by poverty. Children under the age of five are the most affected by all water-borne diseases and sanitation compared to older persons. In addition, 32.7% of the population is infected by diseases transmitted by water and sanitation.